81 - Criminal Social Justice

This course will be a study of Criminal Justice Administration and Management with an emphasis on the application of sound managerial concepts and techniques. This course will explore the functions of managing a police organization in the 21st Century, with a focus on theories and procedures of general management practice. The class will relate the actual situation of the application of the general concepts with an emphasis on leadership.

Individual and familial pathologies plus violence dynamics are underscored. Operation of shelter networks and multi-professional crisis intervention, drug abuse centers and delinquency prevention organizations are also covered in this course.

This course will present the processes of budget preparation for police practitioners. It shall include comparative analysis of major line item expenses, contractual and consultative items. This course will examine the problems of governmental funding, service and equipment cutbacks, cost comparison and accessibility of federal grants.

This course introduces students to both quantitative and qualitative research methods useful for academic and professional inquiry. Additionally, the course examines strengths and major criticism of methodologies drawn from both the qualitative and quantitative traditions. The course also focuses on identifying the types of methodologies best suited for investigating different types of problems and questions. The course will provide students with the knowledge of how to develop research questions and design research proposals for the initial preparation for embarking on a new research project.

This course is sequential to Applied Research Methods I.  It focuses on applied methods of research.  Students will be expected to draw from and actualize the research methods and theory previously taught in Applied Research Methods I.  With instructional oversight, students will be required to work individually and complete one research project to demonstrate and refine their skills as researchers.

This course provides an in-depth examination of current issues and laws regarding labor unions and labor practices. Case law and landmark decisions will be discussed.

This course examines the authority, structure, philosophy, programs and facilities of the federal justice agencies. The agencies included are the Justice Department, the State Department, the Treasury Department and other related federal departments.

This course analyzes the research, purposes and accomplishments/shortcomings of alternatives to incarceration. An examination is made of the diversion phenomenon and related explanations based upon the crime index, political and community climates, new construction, parole policies, parole violations, recidivism and others.

This course analyzes and evaluates the use of various social science research designs and techniques, with a focus on the interpretation, application, and practical implications of research findings. Topics include: problem selection and hypothesis development, survey and experimental design, format and protocol, methods of approach, statistical measurement and data processing analysis, summation, conclusion, and document preparation.

A study of major issues surrounding violent crime in the contemporary United States – its nature and frequency, different theories of causation, and the problems caused for the justice system by extremely violent offenders. Special attention will be paid to offenses of homicide, sex offenses and armed robbery. Proposals to reduce crime by deterrence, rehabilitation, or by social and environmental intervention will be addressed. A critical examination of current law enforcement and correctional policies and practices is included.

This course studies the problem of corruption and other financial-related crime in some of our major social institutions, especially business and government. Students examine the socio-historic aspect of the origin, development and ramifications of white collar crime as a social and economic problem. The political, social and economic conditions involved in the appearance, spread and the expansion of white collar crime in America is also investigated. Students also explore an analysis of the impact of organized crime in the white collar crime arena.

This course examines the growing demand for improved rapport between communities and the agencies that serve them. Emphasis is placed on public relations, education, the media, and ombudsmanship. The following problems and possible solutions are also examined: past grievances, confrontation, indignities, and harassment. The role of the law enforcement manager is discussed in solving the police/community problems.

This course will provide an introduction and overview to the emerging field and profession of Homeland Security and Defense. The ability to prevent acts of terrorism and to manage them if they occur is now at the forefront of the United States National Security agenda. Understanding the enormity and complexity of Homeland Security is critical for any individual working in public administration, safety, health, social service, or the business sector. This course will provide the student with the generally accepted body of knowledge required of the individual working in or in areas related to Homeland Security. The focus will be on the threats, the organizations at the city, tribal, county, state, and federal level, public policy/law, best practices, and the evolving homeland security/defense system in place.

In the examination of the foundations of rehabilitation treatment for correctional settings, this course will focus on the past, current, and the development of future clinical practices. This focus includes a close review of the clinical theories, approaches, and techniques of rehabilitation utilized in treating inmates and parolees. Since the outcomes of correctional rehabilitation on recidivism have critical public safety implications when offenders are released from the criminal justice system this course will extensively examine the current research literature supporting evidence-based best practices. Implementation of rehabilitation treatment programs in the criminal justice system also requires a review of policy development, program development, design, planning and evaluation to determine what outcomes and costs benefits have been achieved.

This course looks at the advent of narcotics and its derivatives from a historical perspective and contemporary amalgamation; any international network of suppression agencies involved in combating the cultivation, processing, marketing and smuggling of narcotics; any laws, agreements, treaties that are stringent enough to be recognized and enforced by the participating nations; and whether the United States has been successful in stopping or curtailing the influx of narcotics within its boundaries.

Community policing is the first major reform in law enforcement in the last 30 years and will change the way police think and act. This course examines what community policing is and what role the community will play in policing itself. It also looks at the various police departments throughout the nation who have implemented community policing.

This course will introduce student to the concepts, goals, strategies, problems and ideologies associated with contemporary and historic terrorist groups. Emphasis will be placed on terrorist motives and how terrorist actions have affected the course of history and current foreign and domestic policies. We shall examine different types of terrorist organizations, based on various criteria – motives, means, objectives, geography and others. Students will learn why terrorism continues to be chosen as a mechanism for change in the United States and around the world, and how governments can work to limit its effects. In addition, this course is designed to provide an analytical study of the phenomenon of international and urban terrorism and hostage situations and an examination of potential religious and economic motives. The course will help the student understand policy issues dealing with terrorism, particularly as they affect the United States. This will involve an examination of both political science and international relations theory and application in our study of terrorism.

This course will provide an introduction to the Continuity/Contingency Operations Planning process as it relates to individuals and organizations. This includes a critical analysis of strategies and processes relating specifically to emergency response activities not only during natural disasters but also during issues relating to workplace incidents, response, and preventions assessment. It will use the emergency management tools and business assessment concerns to enable the building of effective mitigation of incidents. Major issues relating to vital facilities management and protection will be discussed. The program will look at specific factors relating to continuity such as costs incurred, work-loss, and issues relating to recovery. The role and capabilities of federal agencies to support contingency operations actions including law enforcement, fire services and defense support to civil authorities, public health, public safety, legal mechanisms and the health care delivery system will be discussed.

This course examines how personal values and ethical perspectives shape the field of Criminal Justice. This course will also address the role of values in determining moral obligations of administrators and their subordinates, use of morality and values and their influence in creating policy and organizational vision.

The impact of the September 11, 2011 attacks and the findings of the 9/11 Commission Report, along with the ongoing Global War on Terrorism (GWOT), has underscored the need to restructure and change the way the U.S. Intelligence Community and Law Enforcement works together. The information sharing environment (ISE) requirement will impact the way we gather, analyze, and produce intelligence, bringing up many issues and controversies when any governmental body collects intelligence on its citizens. Historical foundations of intelligence gathering and the legal boundaries that define the operational field of play are reviewed. Electronic monitoring, rights to privacy, use of informants and disclosure of information to other agencies are examined.

This course focuses on the evolution of our criminal justice system through the lens of contemporary criminal procedure. Our initial introduction to criminal procedure will focus on the United States Constitution, with emphasis on the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 8th Amendments. Case law governing criminal justice functions such as stops, interrogations, arrests, warrants, identification practices, the use of informants, and searches and seizures will further be explored. Current United States Supreme Court cases that have changed how law enforcement conducts stops, interrogations, arrests, warrants, identification practices, the use of informants, and searches and seizures will be briefed and discussed in class. This course will further explore the reasons behind significant United States Supreme Court rulings such as the exclusionary rule and Miranda Rights. In addition to discussing relevant Supreme Court and state court cases, this course will further review the basic criminal justice processes before, during, and after a trial and the appellate review process. Finally, this course will allow all interested students with the opportunity to analyze their own personal values concerning the rights of those accused of a crime.

Comparisons and contrasts are made among selected aspects of foreign criminal justice systems and those of the United States. Structures, international jurisdiction and basic criminal law are examined.

An in-depth examination of current issues and laws regarding the police employee including issues related to liability concerns for police administrators and government. Case law and landmark decisions will be discussed.

This course focuses on the nature and scope of civil liability affecting law enforcement officials. More specifically, the course will explore the frequency of civil litigation to society and the concern that law enforcement officials have over the possibility of lawsuits. Various social benefits and some of the rationale for allowing the police to be sued will be explored and discussed. In addition to various reasons for police litigation, State Tort Law will be explored. Subsequent chapters will discuss Federal lawsuits brought against law enforcement officials under Title 42 of the United States Code Section 1983. This course will further delve into specific police responsibility, namely the use of excessive force, high-risk drug enforcement operations, negligent operation of emergency vehicles, failure to arrest intoxicated drivers, negligence at traffic accident scenes, and failure to prevent detainee suicide. The course will conclude with shifting conceptions of police liability and law enforcement. This course is supplemented with relevant Supreme Court cases.

This course provides students with an introduction to the collection and retention of information and the impact on the individual, business, government and society in general. Also discussed are the basic structure of information systems, their implementation, applications and uses, abuses, including freedom of information and the threat to privacy and the needs and implementation of public policy to control abuses in the intelligence community. Exposure is provided to create concepts dealing with selection, utilization, and retention of sources of information. The course structures the design and evaluation of the collection of information needed to accomplish a specific law enforcement task.

This course explores crime as a form of deviant behavior; the nature and extent of crime; and the evaluation of prevention, control, and treatment programs. This course provides historical and current analyses of and a critique of the foremost theories and “schools” of crime. The approach is multidimensional, including psychological, sociological, genetic, geographic, and political perspectives. The importance of social context as well as the resulting policy implications is stressed.

The Internet Age has created borderless organizations in the 21st century. This is allowing organizations to do business across international borders. However, this is also creating security problems for organizations. Security is defined as guarding against unauthorized access to private property. Typically organizations have three specialized areas that require security: physical, operational, and intellectual property. Security, typically, is achieved by coordinating efforts in each of the three areas by developing proper strategies and plans and managing them in a controlled environment. This course is an overview of principles and issues in security management. Students examine the challenges embodied in various aspects of security mentioned above. Planning for loss prevention and the protection of assets are examined. Students employ the use of situational analysis, case studies, and other research oriented approaches.

Juvenile crime is increasing at an alarming rate. Six- and eight-year-old juveniles are now committing heinous crimes. Historical trends in the treatment, incarceration and rehabilitation of the juvenile offender are studied. Community based networks, D.C.F.S., boot camps, and current crime rates are also discussed.

A student prepares a proposal in consultation with his or her advisor and the Program Director. The proposal must be submitted reasonably well in advance of registration to allow for consideration and modification as needed. The written report will conform to the standards set forth by the American Psychological Association. The completed report must be submitted three weeks before the close of the semester.

This course is open to qualified non-sworn master's degree students.  This internship opportunity provides experience in a criminal justice agency or a corporate unit with security responsibilities, under the supervision of an appropriate staff member.  The course requires a student to serve at least 300 clock hours in addition to assigned duties mutually agreed upon by the agency and faculty advisor.  A student must be in good standing and have earned a GPA of 3.0 or above to enroll in this course.